Chicken Facts

Image credit: Valerie Kuypers / World Animal Protection

Did you know all domestic chickens are descended from wild junglefowl that are native to Southern Asia but they have been living with humans for more than 5,000 years? Here are some more fascinating chicken facts for you.

Chickens are way more intelligent and sensitive than many people think. These clever creatures are the closest living relatives to the Tyrannosaurus Rex. 

Chickens also have very interesting bone structures; they have more bones in their necks than giraffes and all their bones are very light. Some of their bones are hollow and called ‘pneumatic bones’. They actually form part of chickens’ respiratory systems and work with the lungs to help them breathe.

Like people, and many other animals, different chickens have different personalities. Some birds are bold and feisty, others are shy and cautious. These personalities are key to helping chickens arrange themselves and their flock into a ‘pecking order’.

Chickens also have brilliant eyesight. They can see both close-up objects and panorama views clearly and can identify different colours, which helps them search for food. Interestingly they can distinguish people they know from strangers.

Chickens explore great distances foraging for food, scratching at the ground to reveal seeds and insects. They will warn each other of potential danger and communicate with over 30 different calls. A rooster will often call to hens when he has discovered food, and hens will do the same to help their chicks eat.

Chickens used for meat 

Broilers or meat chickens have been genetically selected to grow and grow, reaching their ‘slaughter weight’ as fast as possible. And it's this rapid growth, that presents the biggest welfare challenges. A 30g chick can reach slaughter weight, around 2kg, in as little as 6 weeks.

That’s the equivalent of a 3kg newborn human baby reaching 300 kilograms in 2 months.

Chicken is one of the world’s most popular meats with around 70 billion chickens reared for meat each year. Each year more than 700 million chickens are produced for meat in Australia and most are factory farmed in sheds with more than 40,000 birds.

Image credit: Misssheep

The problem with factory farming chickens  

Globally about two-thirds of chickens reared for meat each year (75 billion birds) are kept in factory farming systems made up of huge, crowded sheds, or cramped cages – often with no room to move, natural light or fresh air. These chickens suffer at every stage of their short lives. 

Chickens are bred to grow unnaturally large and unnaturally quickly. Due to their overgrown size and growth rate, these chickens suffer from conditions such as:

• Painful lameness
• Overworked hearts and lungs
• Wounds including skin sores and burns  

As farms become increasingly industrialised to meet the growing global demand for chicken meat, chickens are bred to grow much faster than they traditionally did. This can come at an enormous cost to the welfare of the birds.

An industrial chicken shed can hold tens of thousands of birds. This extreme overcrowding can make it difficult for chickens to move or behave naturally, unable to peck or spread their wings.

Many industrial chicken sheds are bare except for lines of food and water dispensers. Chickens are often unable to perform natural behaviours, such as perching, foraging, exploring and dust-bathing. These activities would normally keep them active and healthy.

Chickens use vision as their main sense, and their colour vision is very well developed and designed to be used in brightly lit conditions. Despite this, most industrially farmed chickens spend their whole lives in gloomy, closed sheds without any natural light. This means that the chickens tend to move around less, which can lead to leg problems.

The unnatural conditions in factory farms deny chickens their instinctual behaviours and can cause extreme psychological and physical suffering.